Tare da saurin bunƙasa fasahar sadarwar wayar salula ta zamani da fasahar Intanet mara waya, duniya ta shiga wani sabon “zamanin bayanai”, kuma abubuwan da ke cikin bayanai suna ƙara samun wadata da launi. A matsayin wani muhimmin bangare na masana'antar bayanai, fasahar nuni koyaushe tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka fasahar bayanai.
Fasahar nunin yau ba su da iyaka kuma iri-iri. Kayayyakin nuni iri-iri suna kewaye da mu, suna kawo sauƙaƙa da yawa ga aikinmu da rayuwarmu, kuma suna kawo mafi kyawun gani na gani.
1. LED
LED, ko Light Emitting Diode, na'ura ce mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi wanda ke iya juyar da wutar lantarki kai tsaye zuwa haske. Lokacin da LED ya kasance ƙarƙashin wutar lantarki ta gaba, ana allurar electrons daga yankin N zuwa yankin P kuma a haɗa tare da ramuka don samar da nau'ikan ramukan lantarki. Wadannan electrons da ramukan suna sakin makamashi a cikin nau'in photons yayin aikin sake haɗuwa. LED yana da halaye na babban inganci, ceton makamashi, kariyar muhalli, saurin amsawa da sauri, haske mai haske da launuka masu kyau, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin hasken wuta, nuni da sauran fannoni. Akwai manyan aikace-aikace guda biyu na fasahar nunin LED. Ɗayan shine a matsayin tushen hasken baya na LCD don maye gurbin CCFL na asali (fitilar cathode fluorescent mai sanyi), don haka LCD yana da halaye na gamut mai launi mai launi, ultra-bakin launi, ceton makamashi da kare muhalli; na biyu shine allon nuni na LED, wanda ke amfani da LED kai tsaye azaman sashin nuni, ana iya raba shi zuwa nunin monochrome da nunin launi. Yana da halaye na babban haske, babban ma'ana da launuka masu haske. Ana amfani da shi sosai a allunan talla, bayanan mataki, wuraren wasanni da sauran lokuta.
2. OLED
OLED ne Organic Light Emitting Diode (Organic Light Emitting Diode), kuma aka sani da Organic Laser nunin lantarki da kuma kwayoyin haske-emitting semiconductor. Wani abu ne na semiconductor na kwayoyin halitta da kayan haske wanda ke fitar da haske ta hanyar allura da sake haɗuwa da masu ɗaukar kaya a ƙarƙashin tuƙi na filin lantarki. Wani irin halin yanzu ne. rubuta na'urori masu fitar da haske.
OLED ana kiransa fasahar nunin ƙarni na uku. Domin ya fi sirara, yana da karancin kuzari, haske mai yawa, kyakykyawan kima mai kyau, yana iya nuna baƙar fata zalla, kuma ana iya lanƙwasa, fasahar OLED ta zama muhimmin abu a cikin TV, na'urori, da wayoyin hannu na yau. , Allunan da sauran filayen ana amfani da su sosai.
3. QLED
QLED, Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diode (Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diode), fasaha ce mai fitar da haske dangane da ɗigon ƙididdiga. Ana sanya ɗigon ɗigon ƙididdigewa tsakanin jigilar lantarki da ramuka jigilar kayan halitta, kuma ana amfani da filin lantarki na waje don motsa electrons da ramuka. a cikin ɗigon quantum, sa'an nan kuma electrons da ramukan sake haɗuwa don fitar da haske. Tsarin QLED yayi kama da na OLED. Babban bambance-bambancen shine cewa kayan da ke fitar da haske na QLED abu ne mai ƙarancin ƙima, yayin da OLED ke amfani da kayan halitta. QLED yana da sifofin watsawar haske mai aiki, ingantaccen haske mai haske, saurin amsawa da sauri, daidaitacce bakan, gamut launi mai faɗi, da sauransu. Ya fi kwanciyar hankali kuma yana da tsawon rayuwa fiye da OLED. Akwai manyan hanyoyin aikace-aikace guda biyu na fasahar QLED. Ɗayan ita ce fasahar hasken baya ta quantum ɗigo bisa ga kaddarorin photoluminescence na ɗigon ƙididdiga, wato ƙara ɗigon ƙididdigewa zuwa hasken baya na LCD don haɓaka haifuwar launi da haske; ɗayan kuma fasaha ce ta quantum dot backlight. Fasahar nunin diode mai haske mai ƙididdige ɗigon haske dangane da kaddarorin electroluminescence na ɗigogi masu yawa, wato, ɗigon ƙididdigewa ana yin sandwiched tsakanin wayoyin lantarki don fitar da haske kai tsaye, haɓaka bambanci da kusurwar kallo. A halin yanzu, nunin QLED dangane da yanayin ɗigon haske na baya an yi amfani da shi sosai a kasuwa. Abin da ake kira "Quantum dot TVs" a kasuwa shine ainihin LCD TV sanye take da fina-finai na adadi mai yawa, kuma ainihin su har yanzu fasahar LCD ce.
4. Mini LED
Mini LED shine diode mai fitar da haske mai ƙarancin millimeter (Mini Light Emitting Diode), wanda na'urar LED ce mai girman guntu tsakanin 50-200μm. Sakamakon ƙarin gyare-gyare na ƙananan fitilun LED.
Aikace-aikacen Mini LED an raba su da amfani da Mini LED kwakwalwan kwamfuta azaman mafita na hasken baya na LCD da hanyoyin haskaka kai tsaye waɗanda ke amfani da LEDs masu launi uku na RGB, wato, mafita na hasken baya da mafita na nuni kai tsaye. Mini LED backlight shine muhimmin jagora don haɓaka fasahar fasahar LCD, wanda zai iya haɓaka hasken LCD da bambancin duhu da nuni mai ƙarfi, ta haka yana haɓaka hangen nesa. Mini LED kai tsaye nuni za a iya raba su ba tare da tsangwama ba na kowane girman, yana wadatar da yanayin amfani na manyan nunin allo. Hakanan yana iya haɓaka aikin nuni sosai kamar bambanci, zurfin launi, da cikakken launi.
5. Micro LED
Micro LED, Micro Light Emitting Diode, wanda kuma aka sani da mLED ko μLED, fasahar nunin LED ce dangane da matakin micron. Yana rage kwakwalwan LED zuwa matakin micron kuma yana haɗa miliyoyin su a cikin naúrar nuni. Guntuwar LED tana gane nunin hoto ta hanyar sarrafa kunnawa da kashe kowane guntu na LED. Ana iya cewa Micro LED don haɗa duk fa'idodin LCD da OLED. Yana da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci kamar babban ƙuduri, ƙarancin wutar lantarki, babban haske, babban bambanci, babban launi mai launi, amsa mai sauri, kauri na bakin ciki, da tsawon rai. Duk da haka, a halin yanzu yana fuskantar Tsarin masana'antu yana da wuyar gaske kuma farashin samarwa yana da yawa.
A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, kasuwar Micro LED tana mai da hankali kan ƙananan ƙananan nuni. A cikin matsakaici zuwa dogon lokaci, Micro LED yana da nau'ikan aikace-aikace masu yawa, na'urorin da za a iya amfani da su, manyan allon nuni na cikin gida, nunin kai (HMD), nunin kai tsaye (HUD), fitilolin mota, sadarwa na gani mara waya ta Li-Fi, da AR / VR, majigi da sauran filayen.
6. Micro OLED
Micro OLED, wanda kuma aka sani da OLED na tushen silicon, na'urar nuni ce ta micro wacce ta dogara da fasahar OLED. Yana amfani da tsari na silicon crystal guda ɗaya kuma yana da halaye na hasken kai, girman girman pixel, ƙaramin girman, ƙarancin ƙarfin amfani, babban bambanci da saurin amsawa.
Fa'idodin Micro OLED galibi sun fito ne daga kusancin haɗin fasahar CMOS da fasahar OLED, da kuma babban matakin haɗakar da kayan haɗin gwiwar inorganic da kayan semiconductor. Ba kamar allo na OLED na gargajiya waɗanda ke amfani da abubuwan gilashin gilashi ba, Micro OLEDs suna amfani da madaidaitan siliki na monocrystalline, kuma da'irar direba tana haɗa kai tsaye a kan madaidaicin, yana rage girman girman allo. Kuma saboda yana amfani da fasahar semiconductor, tazarar pixel ɗin sa na iya kasancewa akan tsari na microns da yawa, ta haka yana ƙara ƙimar pixel gabaɗaya. Ana iya fahimtar shi kawai azaman amfani da fasahar kera guntu don gina fuska.
Micro OLED da OLED suna kama da ka'ida. Babban bambanci tsakanin su shine "Micro". Micro OLED yana nufin ƙananan pixels kuma ya fi dacewa don amfani a cikin ƙananan ƙananan, ayyuka masu girma, manyan na'urorin nuni irin su nunin kai (HMD) da masu duba lantarki (EVF).
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-23-2024